DEFINITIONS
ABRASION - A wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.
ALLOY CHAIN SLING - A sling containing any of the following; chain, master links, hooks or other attachments.
ANGLE OF LOADING - The acute angle between horizontal and the leg of the rigging, often referred to as horizontal angle.
API - American Petroleum Institute
AS - Australian Standard
ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASSEMBLY - The  tting together of manufactured parts into a complete sling or assembly.
BELOW-THE-HOOK LIFTING DEVICE - A device used for attaching loads to a hoist. The device may contain components such as slings, hooks, rigging hardware, and lifting attachments.
BIRDCAGE - The twisting of  ber or wire rope in an isolated area of the rope in the opposite direction of the rope lay causing it to take on the appearance of a bird cage.
BRAIDED SLING - A sling made from braiding multi-parts of wire rope.
BREAKING FORCE - The ultimate load at which a tensile failure occurs.
BRIDLE SLING - A sling composed of multiple legs with the top ends gathered in a  tting that goes over the lifting hook.
CABLE LAID WIRE ROPE - A type of galvanized wire rope consisting of several wire ropes laid into a single wire rope.
CENTER OF GRAVITY - The average location of the weight of an object.
CHOKE ANGLE - The angle between the vertical part and choked part of a choker type sling. As this angle is decreased, the rated capacity must be reduced accordingly.
CIRCUMFERENCE - The distance around the edge of a closed curve or circular object.
CLOSED SOCKET - A wire rope  tting consisting of basket and bail.
COMPETENT PERSON - One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
DESIGN FACTOR - The ratio between nominal or minimum breaking strength and rated load.
DIAMETER - The distance a straight line passing through the center of a circle or sphere.
D/d RATIO - The ratio of the diameter around which the sling is bent, divided by the body diameter of the sling.
EIPS - Extra Improved Plow Steel (as it pertains to wire rope).
ENDLESS SLING - A sling made up of wire rope, chain, or synthetic webbing that forms a single continuous loop.
EYE & EYE SLING - A sling made up of wire rope, chain, or synthetic webbing with a loop eye on each end that can be used in all three hitches.
FATIGUE - The progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading. FERRULE - A metallic button, usually cylindrical in shape, normally fastened to a wire rope by swaging or poured socketing. FIBER CORE - Cord or rope of synthetic  ber used as the axial member of a wire rope.
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